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A series of proposed new standards being developed by ASTM International Committee D15 on Engine Coolants would remove technical barriers that currently prevent the cost-effective replacement of ethylene glycol with more environmentally friendly glycerin in antifreeze. The proposed standards are under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D15.93 on Research and Long Range Planning. Natural glycerin is…
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A revision to an important ASTM nanotechnology standard incorporates a large-scale interlaboratory study that took place in 2008. The revised standard, ASTM E2490 , Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.02 on Characterization: Physical, Chemical and Toxicological…
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The measurement of acid mist is becoming increasingly important due to recent actions taken by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on fine particles (2.5 micrometers in diameter and smaller) that are unhealthy to breathe. ASTM International Committee D22 on Air Quality is currently working on a proposed standard for measuring acid mists that come from combustion sources, WK22846 , Test…
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A workshop on the role of standards in the emerging field of nanotechnology will be held Oct. 8-9, 2008, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C. The workshop, "Enabling Standards for Nanomaterial Characterization," is being co-sponsored by the National Cancer Institute's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, the National Institute of Standards and…
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The battle against cancer is being fought on many fronts. Among the most cutting-edge research efforts are attempts to engineer nanotechnology-based therapies. To aid in this endeavor, the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, part of the National Cancer Institute’s Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer and the National Cancer Institute at Frederick, has developed methods for nanoparticle…, E2524, , Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, -E2524 is a protocol for examining the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) that can lead to anemia, jaundice and other issues. All intravenously administered drugs must be examined to determine potential for hemolysis. • , E2525, , Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticulate Materials on the Formation of Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colonies, -E2525 describes a method for evaluating nanoparticle stimulation or inhibition of the maturation of certain bone marrow cells (macrophages). A common side effect of anti-cancer drugs is inhibition of this process, and bone marrow cells may be particularly sensitive to nano-scale material. • , E2526, , Test Method for Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticulate Materials on Porcine Kidney Cells and Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells, -Because studies have indicated that many nanoparticles are cleared from the body through the kidney or liver, these organs are good choices for target organ toxicity evaluation. E2526 presents a method for evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity by examining effects on kidney and cancerous liver cells. Martin Fritts is senior principal scientist at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory and…
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A new ASTM International standard provides guidance for using data generated by ASTM standards in testing for asbestos in surface dust. ASTM D 7390 , Guide for Evaluating Asbestos in Dust on Surfaces by Comparison Between Two Environments, was approved by ASTM International Committee D22 on Air Quality, part of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos. According to James Millette…
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In response to changing emissions restrictions and consumer expectations, ASTM International Committee D15 on Engine Coolants is now developing a proposed new standard, WK16003 , Specification for Engine Coolant Grade 1,3-propanediol (PDO). This task group is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D15.07 on Specifications. Edward Eaton, D15 member and chief engineer, Amalgatech, says that as…
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A new ASTM International standard will provide a method to consistently address indoor air quality complaints in residential buildings and to guide IAQ investigations in an efficient manner. The standard, D 7297 , Practice for Evaluating Residential Indoor Air Quality Concerns, is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air, part of ASTM International Committee D22 on Air Quality…
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ASTM International Committee E56 on Nanotechnology has approved its first standard, E 2456 , Terminology for Nanotechnology. The new standard is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.01 on Terminology and Nomenclature. Because of the great need for a terminology document that is globally recognized and because of the cooperation of several organizations in making the document a reality,…
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Laboratories that measure fibers in workplace samples will be the most likely users of two new ASTM International standards: D 7200 , Practice for Sampling and Counting Airborne Fibers, Including Asbestos Fibers, in Mines and Quarries, by Phase Contrast Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscope; and D 7201 , Practice for Sampling and Counting Airborne Fibers, Including Asbestos Fibers, in…