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The battle against cancer is being fought on many fronts. Among the most cutting-edge research efforts are attempts to engineer nanotechnology-based therapies. To aid in this endeavor, the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, part of the National Cancer Institute’s Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer and the National Cancer Institute at Frederick, has developed methods for nanoparticle…, E2524, , Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, -E2524 is a protocol for examining the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) that can lead to anemia, jaundice and other issues. All intravenously administered drugs must be examined to determine potential for hemolysis. • , E2525, , Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticulate Materials on the Formation of Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colonies, -E2525 describes a method for evaluating nanoparticle stimulation or inhibition of the maturation of certain bone marrow cells (macrophages). A common side effect of anti-cancer drugs is inhibition of this process, and bone marrow cells may be particularly sensitive to nano-scale material. • , E2526, , Test Method for Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticulate Materials on Porcine Kidney Cells and Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells, -Because studies have indicated that many nanoparticles are cleared from the body through the kidney or liver, these organs are good choices for target organ toxicity evaluation. E2526 presents a method for evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity by examining effects on kidney and cancerous liver cells. Martin Fritts is senior principal scientist at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory and…
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New Advanced Ceramics Standards from ASTM Cover Fracture Mirror Size Analysis, Tensile Strength DataSubcommittee C28.01 on Mechanical Properties and Performance, part of ASTM International Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics, has recently approved two new standards, ASTM C1678 , Practice for Fractographic Analysis of Fracture Mirror Sizes in Ceramics and Glasses, and ASTM C1683 , Practice for Size Scaling of Tensile Strengths Using Weibull Statistics for Advanced Ceramics., ASTM C1678 —Bringing Consistency to Fracture Mirror Size Analysis, Fracture mirror size analysis is a powerful quantitative tool for the interpretation of broken ceramic and glass articles. While this type of analysis can be used to determine the stress in a part at the instant of fracture, inspection and interpretation procedures have often varied, resulting in uncertainty in stress estimates. ASTM C1678, Practice for Fractographic Analysis of Fracture Mirror…, ASTM C1683 —Scaling Strength Values, ASTM C1683, Practice for Size Scaling of Tensile Strength Using Weibull Statistics for Advanced Ceramics, provides methodology to convert fracture strength parameters estimated from data obtained with one test geometry to strength parameters representing other test geometries. Stephen Duffy, chair of civil engineering, Cleveland State University, and C28 member, says that companies producing…
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Ceramic and glass companies, as well as universities and government laboratories, will be the primary users of a new ASTM standard that allows for the flexural strength determination of components made in a round shape or after finish machining with minimal waste. The standard, ASTM C1684 , Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature-Cylindrical Rod Strength, was…
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All interested parties are invited to participate in the standards developing activities of ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response. Among the committee’s recent activities are the approval of a new standard on oil spill containment booms and work on a proposed standard on the use of in-situ burning of oil spill in marshes. Manufacturers of containment…
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ASTM International Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and the American Ceramic Society are co-sponsoring a workshop, Needs and Opportunities for Strength and Fracture Standards at Micro and Nano Scales, on Jan. 27, 2008, from 1:00 to 5:00 p.m. at the Hilton Daytona Beach Resort in Daytona Beach, Fla. The workshop will be held in conjunction with the ASTM Committee C28 meetings to be held Jan. 26-…
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Navies and coast guards around the world will be the likely users of a new standard developed by ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response, F 2533 , Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil in Ships or Other Vessels. The standard, under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee F20.15 on In-Situ Burning, covers the use of in-situ burning directly in ships and other vessels as…
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ASTM International Committee E56 on Nanotechnology has approved its first standard, E 2456 , Terminology for Nanotechnology. The new standard is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.01 on Terminology and Nomenclature. Because of the great need for a terminology document that is globally recognized and because of the cooperation of several organizations in making the document a reality,…
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A new ASTM International standard provides information and criteria for estimating the thickness of oil on water using only visual clues. The standard, F 2534 , Guide for Visually Estimating Oil Spill Thickness on Water, was developed by Subcommittee F20.16 on Surveillance and Tracking to provide a consistent means of visual oil spill thickness detection. Subcommittee F20.16 is under the…
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Over the last three years, single-point spray systems have emerged as a leading form of oil spill dispersant, which has led to the development of a new standard by ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response. The standard, F 2465, Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment: Single-Point Spray Systems, is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee F20.13…
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The ongoing need to deal with oil in stranded ships, especially those in remote areas, is the impetus behind a proposed new standard being developed by ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response. One possible response to such a crisis, burning the oil on the ship before it can damage the environment, is the subject of the proposed standard, F 2533, Guide for…