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Air permits from regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), often require the measurement of a plume's opacity as the plume is emitted from a stationary point source (for example, smokestacks) in the outdoor ambient environment. While such opacity is often visually measured by human observers as “certified smoke readers,” an opacity measurement method using…
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Rapid hardening hydraulic cements are used in a variety of applications in which reduced cementitious contents are desired or early service is needed. Included among these applications are paving, construction, stucco, mortar and block. A newly approved ASTM International standard covering these cements, ASTM C1600/C1600M , Specification for Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement, has been developed by…, Type URH, —ultra rapid hardening, for use where ultra high early strength is desired;, Type VRH, —very rapid hardening, for use where very high early strength is desired;, Type MRH, —medium rapid hardening, for use where mid-range rapid hardening, high early strength is desired; and, Type GRH, —general rapid hardening, for use when the higher strength properties of Type VRH or a Type MRH cement is not required. “ASTM C1600 lists minimum requirements for compressive strength, setting time, shrinkage and soundness (autoclave expansion),” says Hicks. “Optional specifications for sulfate expansion, alkali silicate reactions with aggregates, heat of hydration and expansion in water are also…
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A type of lime that has been used in construction since ancient Roman times is now covered by an ASTM International standard. ASTM International Committee C07 on Lime has approved ASTM C1707 , Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes. The new standard is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee C07.02 on Specifications and Guidelines. According to Margaret Thomson, the…
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The measurement of acid mist is becoming increasingly important due to recent actions taken by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on fine particles (2.5 micrometers in diameter and smaller) that are unhealthy to breathe. ASTM International Committee D22 on Air Quality is currently working on a proposed standard for measuring acid mists that come from combustion sources, WK22846 , Test…
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A proposed new ASTM International standard will provide a method for a comparative evaluation of limestone sources available for use in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) applications. The proposed standard, WK20129 , Test Method for Evaluating Limestone for Use in Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Applications by Reactivity, is being developed by Subcommittee C07.05 on Chemical Tests, part of ASTM…
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A new ASTM International standard provides guidance for using data generated by ASTM standards in testing for asbestos in surface dust. ASTM D 7390 , Guide for Evaluating Asbestos in Dust on Surfaces by Comparison Between Two Environments, was approved by ASTM International Committee D22 on Air Quality, part of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos. According to James Millette…
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A recently approved revision to ASTM International standard C 150 , Specification for Portland Cement, includes three significant technical changes to the document. The changes are part of a joint effort between ASTM and the American Association of State and Highway and Transportation Officials to harmonize C 150 with AASHTO’s standard, M 85, Specification for Portland Cement. C 150 is under the…
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A new ASTM International standard will provide a method to consistently address indoor air quality complaints in residential buildings and to guide IAQ investigations in an efficient manner. The standard, D 7297 , Practice for Evaluating Residential Indoor Air Quality Concerns, is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air, part of ASTM International Committee D22 on Air Quality…
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Laboratories that measure fibers in workplace samples will be the most likely users of two new ASTM International standards: D 7200 , Practice for Sampling and Counting Airborne Fibers, Including Asbestos Fibers, in Mines and Quarries, by Phase Contrast Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscope; and D 7201 , Practice for Sampling and Counting Airborne Fibers, Including Asbestos Fibers, in…
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After a 35-year-absence, the natural cement industry is being revived and, along with it, a long-withdrawn ASTM International standard. Until it closed in 1970, the Century Cement Company in Rosendale, N.Y. was the last company to manufacture natural cement. Up to that point, Rosendale had been the center of the industry, the source of more than half of all natural cement produced in the U.S.…