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Data produced from the use of a proposed new ASTM International standard will be employed in the design of new, more efficient aircraft engines as well as for piping, steam and gas turbines used in power generation. The proposed new standard, WK21984 , Test Method for Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Testing, is being developed by Subcommittee E08.06 on Crack Growth Behavior, part of ASTM…
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A request from the United States Navy was the impetus behind the development of a new ASTM International standard, E2630 , Test Method for Luminance Ratio of a Fluorescent Specimen Using a Narrow Band Source. The new standard was developed by Subcommittee E12.05 on Fluorescence, part of ASTM International Committee E12 on Color and Appearance. Richard Harold, consultant, Color and Appearance…
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A workshop on the role of standards in the emerging field of nanotechnology will be held Oct. 8-9, 2008, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C. The workshop, "Enabling Standards for Nanomaterial Characterization," is being co-sponsored by the National Cancer Institute's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, the National Institute of Standards and…
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First generation gonioapparent colorants are materials pigmented with metal flakes that change lightness as illumination angles change. Used heavily in automotive coatings, the first generation of gonioapparent materials was covered by ASTM International standard E2194 , Practice for Multiangle Color Measurement of Metal Flake Pigmented Materials, first published in 2003. Now, a second generation…
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The battle against cancer is being fought on many fronts. Among the most cutting-edge research efforts are attempts to engineer nanotechnology-based therapies. To aid in this endeavor, the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, part of the National Cancer Institute’s Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer and the National Cancer Institute at Frederick, has developed methods for nanoparticle…, E2524, , Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, -E2524 is a protocol for examining the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) that can lead to anemia, jaundice and other issues. All intravenously administered drugs must be examined to determine potential for hemolysis. • , E2525, , Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticulate Materials on the Formation of Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colonies, -E2525 describes a method for evaluating nanoparticle stimulation or inhibition of the maturation of certain bone marrow cells (macrophages). A common side effect of anti-cancer drugs is inhibition of this process, and bone marrow cells may be particularly sensitive to nano-scale material. • , E2526, , Test Method for Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticulate Materials on Porcine Kidney Cells and Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells, -Because studies have indicated that many nanoparticles are cleared from the body through the kidney or liver, these organs are good choices for target organ toxicity evaluation. E2526 presents a method for evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity by examining effects on kidney and cancerous liver cells. Martin Fritts is senior principal scientist at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory and…
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ASTM International Committee E12 on Color and Appearance has approved a new standard that describes techniques for planning and analyzing the results of an interlaboratory study conducted for certain test methods within E12. E 2480 , Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method with Multi-Valued Measurands, is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee…
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ASTM International Committee E56 on Nanotechnology has approved its first standard, E 2456 , Terminology for Nanotechnology. The new standard is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.01 on Terminology and Nomenclature. Because of the great need for a terminology document that is globally recognized and because of the cooperation of several organizations in making the document a reality,…
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Verifying the results of application software used to calculate the mechanical properties of materials is the subject of a new standard developed by ASTM International Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture. The new standard, E 2443, Guide for Verifying Computer-Generated Test Results Through the Use of Standard Data Sets, is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E08.03 on Advanced Apparatus and…
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Many structures, such as aircraft or other lightweight vehicles, are made from thin-ductile structural materials that exhibit low crack-front constraint, which allows for extensive plastic yielding of the material around a crack front. However, many current standards, such as E 399, Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K Ic of Metallic Materials, or E 1820, Test Method…
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Although ASTM International Committee E56 on Nanotechnology was just established this year, it has already begun an ambitious program of developing new standards. Committee E56 is currently developing the following proposed standards, which deal with environmental safety issues, hemolytic properties and particle size measurement. Interested parties are invited to participate in the development of…, WK8985, Guide for Handling Unbound Engineered Nanoparticles in Occupational Settings, Academic, government and industrial laboratories are currently performing nanotechnology research and development and the scope and breadth of this work is expected to grow dramatically. Manufacturing processes involving nanomaterials have begun and commercially available nano-based products have been introduced. All of this activity in the nanotechnology realm has created the need for the…, WK8997, Practice for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, Subcommittee E56.02 on Characterization has begun working on proposed new standard WK8997, Practice for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles. This proposed standard would provide a suitable procedure for establishing the safety of nanoparticulate materials that will be used in vivo , such as nanoparticles for therapeutics and diagnostics. "Nanotechnology products will be used in…, For further technical information, contact Scott McNeil, director, Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Frederick, Md. (phone: 301/846-6939; mcneils@ncifcrf.gov )., WK8705, Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), Subcommittee E56.02 was formed to answer questions regarding characterization, such as size and shape of materials. Another proposed new standard under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.02 is WK8705, Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), which deals with the vital issue of size characterization. The purpose of the…