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Mercury emissions from flue gases in coal-fired power plants are a large source of atmospheric mercury in the United States, but no standard for determination of mercury adsorption currently exists. One promising method of controlling these emissions involves the injection of powdered activated carbon into the flue gas. A proposed new ASTM International standard would evaluate the performance of…
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Test for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in n-Propyl Bromide A new ASTM International standard on solubility of asphalt will provide an alternative for a solvent that has been banned as an ozone depleter by the Kyoto Protocol, an international environmental treaty with the goal of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations that may help minimize global warming. The new standard, ASTM D7553 , Test…
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A revision to an important ASTM nanotechnology standard incorporates a large-scale interlaboratory study that took place in 2008. The revised standard, ASTM E2490 , Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.02 on Characterization: Physical, Chemical and Toxicological…
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Many factors, such as traffic, drainage, structure and climatic variations, impact the field performance of asphalt concrete. However, asphalt concrete performance has been more accurately predicted when laboratory material properties are known, so ASTM International Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials has approved a new standard, ASTM D7460 , Test Method for Determining Fatigue Failure of…
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Current methods for determining bulk specific gravity of aggregate are often time-consuming and not ideal for quality control checks during construction. However, a new ASTM International standard provides a fast method for determining the consistency of aggregate properties that are used in asphalt and concrete mixtures. Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials has approved ASTM D7370…
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A growing need to recycle millions of tires discarded annually is the impetus for the continued development of a proposed new ASTM International specification that provides standards for converting tires into an asphalt product. WK20240 , Specification for Performance Graded Tire Rubber-Modified Asphalt Binder is being developed by Subcommittee D04.40 on Asphalt Specifications, under the…
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A workshop on the role of standards in the emerging field of nanotechnology will be held Oct. 8-9, 2008, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C. The workshop, "Enabling Standards for Nanomaterial Characterization," is being co-sponsored by the National Cancer Institute's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, the National Institute of Standards and…
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The battle against cancer is being fought on many fronts. Among the most cutting-edge research efforts are attempts to engineer nanotechnology-based therapies. To aid in this endeavor, the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, part of the National Cancer Institute’s Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer and the National Cancer Institute at Frederick, has developed methods for nanoparticle…, E2524, , Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, -E2524 is a protocol for examining the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) that can lead to anemia, jaundice and other issues. All intravenously administered drugs must be examined to determine potential for hemolysis. • , E2525, , Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticulate Materials on the Formation of Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colonies, -E2525 describes a method for evaluating nanoparticle stimulation or inhibition of the maturation of certain bone marrow cells (macrophages). A common side effect of anti-cancer drugs is inhibition of this process, and bone marrow cells may be particularly sensitive to nano-scale material. • , E2526, , Test Method for Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticulate Materials on Porcine Kidney Cells and Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells, -Because studies have indicated that many nanoparticles are cleared from the body through the kidney or liver, these organs are good choices for target organ toxicity evaluation. E2526 presents a method for evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity by examining effects on kidney and cancerous liver cells. Martin Fritts is senior principal scientist at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory and…
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A new ruling by the Federal Railroad Administration cites an ASTM standard as a means of making emergency exits from trains more visible to emergency personnel. The standard cited, D 4956 , Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control, is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D04.38 on Highway Traffic Control Materials, part of ASTM International Committee D04 on Road and…
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A proposed new standard will provide a practice for inspecting and evaluating the retroreflective properties of longitudinal non-intersection pavement markings. The proposed standard, WK16773 , Practice for Evaluating Retroreflectance of Pavement Markings Using Portable Hand-Operated Instruments, is being developed by Subcommittee D04.38 on Highway Traffic Control Materials, which is part of ASTM…