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Three dimensional image system technology is now used in a wide variety of industries, including construction, mapping, manufacturing, mining and forensics. For all of these industries, safe usage of 3D imaging equipment is a top priority. However, until the approval of a new ASTM International standard, no safety guidelines specifically oriented toward 3D image system technology existed. The…
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Rapid hardening hydraulic cements are used in a variety of applications in which reduced cementitious contents are desired or early service is needed. Included among these applications are paving, construction, stucco, mortar and block. A newly approved ASTM International standard covering these cements, ASTM C1600/C1600M , Specification for Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement, has been developed by…, Type URH, —ultra rapid hardening, for use where ultra high early strength is desired;, Type VRH, —very rapid hardening, for use where very high early strength is desired;, Type MRH, —medium rapid hardening, for use where mid-range rapid hardening, high early strength is desired; and, Type GRH, —general rapid hardening, for use when the higher strength properties of Type VRH or a Type MRH cement is not required. “ASTM C1600 lists minimum requirements for compressive strength, setting time, shrinkage and soundness (autoclave expansion),” says Hicks. “Optional specifications for sulfate expansion, alkali silicate reactions with aggregates, heat of hydration and expansion in water are also…
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A revision to an important ASTM nanotechnology standard incorporates a large-scale interlaboratory study that took place in 2008. The revised standard, ASTM E2490 , Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.02 on Characterization: Physical, Chemical and Toxicological…
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A workshop on the role of standards in the emerging field of nanotechnology will be held Oct. 8-9, 2008, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C. The workshop, "Enabling Standards for Nanomaterial Characterization," is being co-sponsored by the National Cancer Institute's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, the National Institute of Standards and…
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The battle against cancer is being fought on many fronts. Among the most cutting-edge research efforts are attempts to engineer nanotechnology-based therapies. To aid in this endeavor, the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, part of the National Cancer Institute’s Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer and the National Cancer Institute at Frederick, has developed methods for nanoparticle…, E2524, , Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, -E2524 is a protocol for examining the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) that can lead to anemia, jaundice and other issues. All intravenously administered drugs must be examined to determine potential for hemolysis. • , E2525, , Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticulate Materials on the Formation of Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colonies, -E2525 describes a method for evaluating nanoparticle stimulation or inhibition of the maturation of certain bone marrow cells (macrophages). A common side effect of anti-cancer drugs is inhibition of this process, and bone marrow cells may be particularly sensitive to nano-scale material. • , E2526, , Test Method for Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticulate Materials on Porcine Kidney Cells and Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells, -Because studies have indicated that many nanoparticles are cleared from the body through the kidney or liver, these organs are good choices for target organ toxicity evaluation. E2526 presents a method for evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity by examining effects on kidney and cancerous liver cells. Martin Fritts is senior principal scientist at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory and…
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A recently approved revision to ASTM International standard C 150 , Specification for Portland Cement, includes three significant technical changes to the document. The changes are part of a joint effort between ASTM and the American Association of State and Highway and Transportation Officials to harmonize C 150 with AASHTO’s standard, M 85, Specification for Portland Cement. C 150 is under the…
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ASTM International Committee E56 on Nanotechnology has approved its first standard, E 2456 , Terminology for Nanotechnology. The new standard is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.01 on Terminology and Nomenclature. Because of the great need for a terminology document that is globally recognized and because of the cooperation of several organizations in making the document a reality,…
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ASTM International Committee E57 Will Meet Important Industry Need for Consensus Standards, ASTM International, one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations (SDO) in the world, has announced the formation of ASTM Committee E57 on 3D Imaging Systems. The new standards initiative was driven by the cooperative efforts of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and stakeholders within the 3D imaging systems sector. Committee E57 will focus on the…, Powerful Tools for Measurement and Information Capture, 3D imaging systems are used to rapidly capture three-dimensional information of a scene or object. This information is often provided in the form of “point clouds” (grouping of points) with associated color and intensity data. Usage of 3D imaging systems has steadily increased during the past 10 years as the devices have become important measuring tools in industrial sectors such as construction…, Dynamic, Growing Technology in Need of Consensus Standards, 3D imaging technology has been in existence for several decades. Current systems include laser scanners, 3D optical scanners, 3D range cameras, and 3D flash laser radars (LADARs). Although these systems have become more established during the last decade, there are presently no standards for evaluating the performance of 3D imaging systems or the related end projects derived from the data they…, ASTM International: Meeting the Call for a Comprehensive Standards Program, Following a NIST workshop of stakeholders from the 3D imaging systems sector held in March, ASTM International was chosen in a competitive bid process to be home of the new standards initiative. With a proven consensus process and state-of-the-art standards development infrastructure, ASTM is well suited to meet the 3D imaging industry’s need for comprehensive standards. ASTM Committee E57 will…
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Although ASTM International Committee E56 on Nanotechnology was just established this year, it has already begun an ambitious program of developing new standards. Committee E56 is currently developing the following proposed standards, which deal with environmental safety issues, hemolytic properties and particle size measurement. Interested parties are invited to participate in the development of…, WK8985, Guide for Handling Unbound Engineered Nanoparticles in Occupational Settings, Academic, government and industrial laboratories are currently performing nanotechnology research and development and the scope and breadth of this work is expected to grow dramatically. Manufacturing processes involving nanomaterials have begun and commercially available nano-based products have been introduced. All of this activity in the nanotechnology realm has created the need for the…, WK8997, Practice for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, Subcommittee E56.02 on Characterization has begun working on proposed new standard WK8997, Practice for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles. This proposed standard would provide a suitable procedure for establishing the safety of nanoparticulate materials that will be used in vivo , such as nanoparticles for therapeutics and diagnostics. "Nanotechnology products will be used in…, For further technical information, contact Scott McNeil, director, Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Frederick, Md. (phone: 301/846-6939; mcneils@ncifcrf.gov )., WK8705, Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), Subcommittee E56.02 was formed to answer questions regarding characterization, such as size and shape of materials. Another proposed new standard under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.02 is WK8705, Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), which deals with the vital issue of size characterization. The purpose of the…
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After a 35-year-absence, the natural cement industry is being revived and, along with it, a long-withdrawn ASTM International standard. Until it closed in 1970, the Century Cement Company in Rosendale, N.Y. was the last company to manufacture natural cement. Up to that point, Rosendale had been the center of the industry, the source of more than half of all natural cement produced in the U.S.…