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Standards developed by ASTM International Committees F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and E47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate play a role in both the initial response and follow-up to oil spills. The recent spill in the Gulf of Mexico highlights the importance of standards that cover all aspects of oil spill response and cleanup. F20 on Hazardous Substance and Oil…
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A revision to an important ASTM nanotechnology standard incorporates a large-scale interlaboratory study that took place in 2008. The revised standard, ASTM E2490 , Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee E56.02 on Characterization: Physical, Chemical and Toxicological…
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Vessel-mounted cameras can be effectively and economically used by ship crews investigating and responding to an oil spill. ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response is currently developing a proposed new standard on use of cameras in this realm. WK24607 , Specification for the Design and Use of Vessel-Mounted Camera Systems for Oil Spill Response, is under…
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Manufacturers of toluene, mixed xylenes and p-xylene are often required to determine the type and amount of impurities that remain from manufacture. A new ASTM International standard, D7504 , Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography and Effective Carbon Number, can now be used as an internal quality control tool where these products are produced…
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Oil skimmer nameplate capacities are used to evaluate system performance for spill response planning standards. While manufacturers had been free to state any value as to the theoretical capacity of an oil skimmer, a new ASTM International standard provides a test that can be used to establish a realistic capacity. The standard, F2709 , Test Method for Determining Nameplate Recovery Rate of…
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A workshop on the role of standards in the emerging field of nanotechnology will be held Oct. 8-9, 2008, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C. The workshop, "Enabling Standards for Nanomaterial Characterization," is being co-sponsored by the National Cancer Institute's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, the National Institute of Standards and…
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The battle against cancer is being fought on many fronts. Among the most cutting-edge research efforts are attempts to engineer nanotechnology-based therapies. To aid in this endeavor, the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, part of the National Cancer Institute’s Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer and the National Cancer Institute at Frederick, has developed methods for nanoparticle…, E2524, , Test Method for Analysis of Hemolytic Properties of Nanoparticles, -E2524 is a protocol for examining the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) that can lead to anemia, jaundice and other issues. All intravenously administered drugs must be examined to determine potential for hemolysis. • , E2525, , Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticulate Materials on the Formation of Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colonies, -E2525 describes a method for evaluating nanoparticle stimulation or inhibition of the maturation of certain bone marrow cells (macrophages). A common side effect of anti-cancer drugs is inhibition of this process, and bone marrow cells may be particularly sensitive to nano-scale material. • , E2526, , Test Method for Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticulate Materials on Porcine Kidney Cells and Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells, -Because studies have indicated that many nanoparticles are cleared from the body through the kidney or liver, these organs are good choices for target organ toxicity evaluation. E2526 presents a method for evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity by examining effects on kidney and cancerous liver cells. Martin Fritts is senior principal scientist at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory and…
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All interested parties are invited to participate in the standards developing activities of ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response. Among the committee’s recent activities are the approval of a new standard on oil spill containment booms and work on a proposed standard on the use of in-situ burning of oil spill in marshes. Manufacturers of containment…
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Chemical plants and contract and research laboratories will all be likely users of a new ASTM International standard, D 7183 , Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals by Ultraviolet Fluorescence. D 7183 was developed by Subcommittee D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis, part of ASTM International Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related…
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Navies and coast guards around the world will be the likely users of a new standard developed by ASTM International Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response, F 2533 , Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil in Ships or Other Vessels. The standard, under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee F20.15 on In-Situ Burning, covers the use of in-situ burning directly in ships and other vessels as…